The Jacobite enthusiasm of the eighteenth century,particularly during the rebellion of 1745,afforded a theme,perhaps the finest that could be selected for fictitious composition,founded upon real or probable incident.This civil war and its remarkable events were remembered by the existing generation without any degree of the bitterness of spirit which seldom fails to attend internal dissension.The Highlanders,who formed the principal strength of Charles Edward's army,were an ancient and high-spirited race,peculiar in their habits of war and of peace,brave to romance,and exhibiting a character turning upon points more adapted to poetry than to the prose of real life.Their prince,young,valiant,patient of fatigue,and despising danger,heading his army on foot in the most toilsome marches,and defeating a regular force in three battles--all these were circumstances fascinating to the imagination,and might well be supposed to seduce young and enthusiastic minds to the cause in which they were found united,although wisdom and reason frowned upon the enterprise.

The adventurous prince,as is well known,proved to be one of those personages who distinguish themselves during some single and extraordinarily brilliant period of their lives,like the course of a shooting-star,at which men wonder,as well on account of the briefness,as the brilliancy of its splendour.Along tract of darkness overshadowed the subsequent life of a man who,in his youth,showed himself so capable of great undertakings;and,without the painful task of tracing his course farther,we may say the latter pursuits and habits of this unhappy prince are those painfully evincing a broken heart,which seeks refuge from its own thoughts in sordid enjoyments.

Still,however,it was long ere Charles Edward appeared to be,perhaps it was long ere he altogether became,so much degraded from his original self;as he enjoyed for a time the lustre attending the progress and termination of his enterprise.Those who thought they discerned in his subsequent conduct an insensibility to the distresses of his followers,coupled with that egotistical attention to his own interests which has been often attributed to the Stuart family,and which is the natural effect of the principles of divine right in which they were brought up,were now generally considered as dissatisfied and splenetic persons,who,displeased with the issue of their adventure and finding themselves involved in the ruins of a falling cause,indulged themselves in undeserved reproaches against their leader.Indeed,such censures were by no means frequent among those of his followers who,if what was alleged had been just,had the best right to complain.Far the greater number of those unfortunate gentlemen suffered with the most dignified patience,and were either too proud to take notice of ill-treatment an the part of their prince,or so prudent as to be aware their complaints would meet with little sympathy from the world.It may be added,that the greater part of the banished Jacobites,and those of high rank and consequence,were not much within reach of the influence of the prince's character and conduct,whether well regulated or otherwise.

In the meantime that great Jacobite conspiracy,of which the insurrection of 1745-6was but a small part precipitated into action on the failure of a far more general scheme,was resumed and again put into motion by the Jacobites of England,whose force had never been broken,as they had prudently avoided bringing it into the field.The surprising effect which had been produced by small means,in 1745-6,animated their hopes for more important successes,when the whole nonjuring interest of Britain,identified as it then was with great part of the landed gentlemen,should come forward to finish what had been gallantly attempted by a few Highland chiefs.

It is probable,indeed,that the Jacobites of the day were incapable of considering that the very small scale on which the effort was made,was in one great measure the cause of its unexpected success.The remarkable speed with which the insurgents marched,the singularly good discipline which they preserved,the union and unanimity which for some time animated their councils,were all in a considerable degree produced by the smallness of their numbers.Notwithstanding the discomfiture of Charles Edward,the nonjurors of the period long continued to nurse unlawful schemes,and to drink treasonable toasts,until age stole upon them.Another generation arose,who did not share the sentiments which they cherished;and at length the sparkles of disaffection,which had long smouldered,but had never been heated enough to burst into actual flame,became entirely extinguished.But in proportion as the political enthusiasm died gradually away among men of ordinary temperament,it influenced those of warm imaginations and weak understandings,and hence wild schemes were formed,as desperate as they were adventurous.

Thus a young Scottishman of rank is said to have stooped so low as to plot the surprisal of St.James's Palace,and the assassination of the royal family.While these ill-digested and desperate conspiracies were agitated among the few Jacobites who still adhered with more obstinacy to their purpose,there is no question but that other plots might have been brought to an open explosion,had it not suited the policy of Sir Robert Walpole rather to prevent or disable the conspirators in their projects,than to promulgate the tale of danger,which might thus have been believed to be more widely diffused than was really the case.

In one instance alone this very prudential and humane line of conduct was departed from,and the event seemed to confirm the policy of the general course.Doctor Archibald Cameron,brother of the celebrated Donald Cameron of Lochiel,attainted for the rebellion of 1745,was found by a party of soldiers lurking with a comrade in the wilds of Loch Katrine five or six years after the battle of Culloden,and was there seized.There were circumstances in his case,so far as was made known to the public,which attracted much compassion,and gave to the judicial proceedings against him an appearance of cold-blooded revenge on the part of government;and the following argument of a zealous Jacobite in his favour,was received as conclusive by Dr.Johnson and other persons who might pretend to impartiality.Dr.Cameron had never borne arms,although engaged in the Rebellion,but used his medical skill for the service,indifferently,of the wounded of both parties.His return to Scotland was ascribed exclusively to family affairs.His behaviour at the bar was decent,firm,and respectful.His wife threw herself,on three different occasions,before George II and the members of his family,was rudely repulsed from their presence,and at length placed,it was said,in the same prison with her husband,and confined with unmanly severity.

Dr.Cameron was finally executed with all the severities of the law of treason;and his death remains in popular estimation a dark blot upon the memory of George II,being almost publicly imputed to a mean and personal hatred of Donald Cameron of Lochiel,the sufferer's heroic brother.

Yet the fact was that whether the execution of Archibald Cameron was political or otherwise,it might certainly have been justified,had the king's ministers so pleased,upon reasons of a public nature.The unfortunate sufferer had not come to the Highlands solely upon his private affairs,as was the general belief;but it was not judged prudent by the English ministry to let it be generally known that he came to inquire about a considerable sum of money which had been remitted from France to the friends of the exiled family.He had also a commission to hold intercourse with the well-known M'Pherson of Cluny,chief of the clan Vourich,whom the Chevalier had left behind at his departure from Scotland in 1746,and who remained during ten years of proscription and danger,skulking from place to place in the Highlands,and maintaining an uninterrupted correspondence between Charles and his friends.That Dr.Cameron should have held a commission to assist this chief in raking together the dispersed embers of disaffection,is in itself sufficiently natural,and,considering his political principles,in no respect dishonourable to his memory.But neither ought it to be imputed to George II that he suffered the laws to be enforced against a person taken in the act of breaking them.When he lost his hazardous game,Dr.Cameron only paid the forfeit which he must have calculated upon.The ministers,however,thought it proper to leave Dr.Cameron's new schemes in concealment,lest,by divulging them,they had indicated the channel of communication which,it is now well known,they possessed to all the plots of Charles Edward.But it was equally ill advised and ungenerous to sacrifice the character of the king to the policy of the administration.Both points might have been gained by sparing the life of Dr.Cameron after conviction,and limiting his punishment to perpetual exile.

These repeated and successive Jacobite plots rose and burst like bubbles on a fountain;and one of them,at least,the Chevalier judged of importance enough to induce him to risk himself within the dangerous precincts of the British capital.This appears from Dr.King's ANECDOTES OF HIS OWN TIMES.

'September,1750.--I received a note from my Lady Primrose,who desired to see me immediately.As soon as I waited on her,she led me into her dressing-room,and presented me to--'[the Chevalier,doubtless].'If I was surprised to find him there,Iwas still more astonished when he acquainted me with the motives which had induced him to hazard a journey to England at this juncture.The impatience of his friends who were in exile had formed a scheme which was impracticable;but although it had been as feasible as they had represented it to him,yet no preparation had been made,nor was anything ready to carry it into execution.

He was soon convinced that he had been deceived;and,therefore,after a stay in London of five days only,he returned to the place from whence he came.'Dr.King was in 1750a keen Jacobite,as may be inferred from the visit made by him to the prince under such circumstances,and from his being one of that unfortunate person's chosen correspondents.He,as well as other men of sense and observation,began to despair of making their fortune in the party which they had chosen.It was indeed sufficiently dangerous;for,during the short visit just described,one of Dr.King's servants remarked the stranger's likeness to Prince Charles,whom he recognized from the common busts.

The occasion taken for breaking up the Stuart interest we shall tell in Dr.King's own words:--'When he (Charles Edward)was in Scotland,he had a mistress whose name was Walkinshaw,and whose sister was at that time,and is still,housekeeper at Leicester House.Some years after he was released from his prison,and conducted out of France,he sent for this girl,who soon acquired such a dominion over him,that she was acquainted with all his schemes,and trusted with his most secret correspondence.As soon as this was known in England,all those persons of distinction who were attached to him were greatly alarmed:they imagined that this wench had been placed in his family by the English ministers;and,considering her sister's situation,they seemed to have some ground for their suspicion;wherefore,they dispatched a gentleman to Paris,where the prince then was,who had instructions to insist that Mrs.Walkinshaw should be removed to a convent for a certain term;but her gallant absolutely refused to comply with this demand;and although Mr.M'Namara,the gentleman who was sent to him,who has a natural eloquence and an excellent understanding,urged the most cogent reasons,and used all the arts of persuasion,to induce him to part with his mistress,and even proceeded so far as to assure him,according to his instructions,that an immediate interruption of all correspondence with his most powerful friends in England,and,in short,that the ruin of his interest,which was now daily increasing,would be the infallible consequence of his refusal;yet he continued inflexible,and all M'Namara's entreaties and remonstrances were ineffectual.M'Namara stayed in Paris some days beyond the time prescribed him,endeavouring to reason the prince into a better temper;but finding him obstinately persevere in his first answer,he took his leave with concern and indignation,saying,as he passed out,"What has your family done,sir,thus to draw down the vengeance of Heaven on every branch of it,through so many ages?"It is worthy of remark,that in all the conferences which M'Namara had with the prince on this occasion,the latter declared that it was not a violent passion,or indeed any particular regard,which attached him to Mrs.Walkinshaw and that he could see her removed from him without any concern;but he would not receive directions,in respect to his private conduct,from any man alive.When M'Namara returned to London,and reported the prince's answer to the gentlemen who had employed him,they were astonished and confounded.However,they soon resolved on the measures which they were to pursue for the future,and determined no longer to serve a man who could not be persuaded to serve himself,and chose rather to endanger the lives of his best and most faithful friends,than part with an harlot,whom,as he often declared,he neither loved nor esteemed.'

From this anecdote,the general truth of which is indubitable,the principal fault of Charles Edward's temper is sufficiently obvious.It was a high sense of his own importance,and an obstinate adherence to what he had once determined on--qualities which,if he had succeeded in his bold attempt,gave the nation little room to hope that he would have been found free from the love of prerogative and desire of arbitrary power,which characterized his unhappy grandfather.He gave a notable instance how far this was the leading feature of his character,when,for no reasonable cause that can be assigned,he placed his own single will in opposition to the necessities of France,which,in order to purchase a peace become necessary to the kingdom,was reduced to gratify Britain by prohibiting the residence of Charles within any part of the French dominions.It was in vain that France endeavoured to lessen the disgrace of this step by making the most flattering offers,in hopes to induce the prince of himself to anticipate this disagreeable alternative,which,if seriously enforced,as it was likely to be,he had no means whatever of resisting,by leaving the kingdom as of his own free will.Inspired,however,by the spirit of hereditary obstinacy,Charles preferred a useless resistance to a dignified submission,and,by a series of idle bravadoes,laid the French court under the necessity of arresting their late ally,and sending him to close confinement in the Bastille,from which he was afterwards sent out of the French dominions,much in the manner in which a convict is transported to the place of his destination.

In addition to these repeated instances of a rash and inflexible temper,Dr.King also adds faults alleged to belong to the prince's character,of a kind less consonant with his noble birth and high pretensions.He is said by this author to have been avaricious,or parsimonious at least,to such a degree of meanness,as to fail,even when he had ample means,in relieving the sufferers who had lost their fortune,and sacrificed all in his ill-fated attempt.[The approach is thus expressed by Dr.

King,who brings the charge:--'But the most odious part of his character is his love of money,a vice which I do not remember to have been imputed by our historians to any of his ancestors,and is the certain index of a base and little mind.I know it may be urged in his vindication,that a prince in exile ought to be an economist.And so he ought;but,nevertheless,his purse should be always open as long as there is anything in it,to relieve the necessities of his friends and adherents.King Charles II,during his banishment,would have shared the last pistole in his pocket with his little family.But I have known this gentleman,with two thousand louis-d'ors in his strong-box,pretend he was in great distress,and borrow money from a lady in Paris who was not in affluent circumstances.His most faithful servants,who had closely attended him in all his difficulties,were ill rewarded.'--King's MEMOIRS.]We must receive,however,with some degree of jealousy what is said by Dr.King on this subject,recollecting that he had left at least,if he did not desert,the standard of the unfortunate prince,and was not therefore a person who was likely to form the fairest estimate of his virtues and faults.We must also remember that if the exiled prince gave little,he had but little to give,especially considering how late he nourished the scheme of another expedition to Scotland,for which he was long endeavouring to hoard money.

The case,also,of Charles Edward must be allowed to have been a difficult one.He had to satisfy numerous persons,who,having lost their all in his cause,had,with that all,seen the extinction of hopes which they accounted nearly as good as certainties;some of these were perhaps clamorous in their applications,and certainly ill pleased with their want of success.Other parts of the Chevalier's conduct may have afforded grounds for charging him with coldness to the sufferings of his devoted followers.One of these was a sentiment which has nothing in it that is generous,but it was certainly a principle in which the young prince was trained,and which may be too probably denominated peculiar to his family,educated in all the high notions of passive obedience and non-resistance.If the unhappy prince gave implicit faith to the professions of statesmen holding such notions,which is implied by his whole conduct.

DARSIE LATIMER TO ALAN FAIRFORD

DUMFRIES.

CUR ME EXANIMAS QUERELIS TUIS?In plain English,Why do you deafen me with your croaking?The disconsolate tone in which you bade me farewell at Noble House,[The first stage on the road from Edinburgh to Dumfries via Moffat.]and mounted your miserable hack to return to your law drudgery,still sounds in my ears.It seemed to say,'Happy dog!you can ramble at pleasure over hill and dale,pursue every object of curiosity that presents itself,and relinquish the chase when it loses interest;while I,your senior and your better,must,in this brilliant season,return to my narrow chamber and my musty books.'

Such was the import of the reflections with which you saddened our parting bottle of claret,and thus I must needs interpret the terms of your melancholy adieu.

And why should this be so,Alan?Why the deuce should you not be sitting precisely opposite to me at this moment,in the same comfortable George Inn;thy heels on the fender,and thy juridical brow expanding its plications as a pun rose in your fancy?Above all,why,when I fill this very glass of wine,cannot I push the bottle to you,and say,'Fairford,you are chased!'Why,I say,should not all this be,except because Alan Fairford has not the same true sense of friendship as Darsie Latimer,and will not regard our purses as common,as well as our sentiments?

I am alone in the world;my only guardian writes to me of a large fortune which will be mine when I reach the age of twenty-five complete;my present income is,thou knowest,more than sufficient for all my wants;and yet thou--traitor as thou art to the cause of friendship--dost deprive me of the pleasure of thy society,and submittest,besides,to self-denial on thine own part,rather than my wanderings should cost me a few guineas more!Is this regard for my purse,or for thine own pride?Is it not equally absurd and unreasonable,whichever source it springs from?For myself,I tell thee,I have,and shall have,more than enough for both.This same methodical Samuel Griffiths,of Ironmonger Lane,Guildhall,London,whose letter arrives as duly as quarter-day,has sent me,as I told thee,double allowance for this my twenty-first birthday,and an assurance,in his brief fashion,that it will be again doubled for the succeeding years,until I enter into possession of my own property.Still I am to refrain from visiting England until my twenty-fifth year expires;and it is recommended that I shall forbear all inquiries concerning my family,and so forth,for the present.

Were it not that I recollect my poor mother in her deep widow's weeds,with a countenance that never smiled but when she looked on me--and then,in such wan and woful sort,as the sun when he glances through an April cloud,--were it not,I say,that her mild and matron-like form and countenance forbid such a suspicion,I might think myself the son of some Indian director,or rich citizen,who had more wealth than grace,and a handful of hypocrisy to boot,and who was breeding up privately,and obscurely enriching,one of whose existence he had some reason to be ashamed.But,as I said before,I think on my mother,and am convinced as much as of the existence of my own soul,that no touch of shame could arise from aught in which she was implicated.Meantime,I am wealthy,and I am alone,and why does my friend scruple to share my wealth?

Are you not my only friend?and have you not acquired a right to share my wealth?Answer me that,Alan Fairford.When I was brought from the solitude of my mother's dwelling into the tumult of the Gaits'Class at the High School--when I was mocked for my English accent--salted with snow as a Southern--rolled in the gutter for a Saxon pock-pudding,--who,with stout arguments and stouter blows,stood forth my defender?--why,Alan Fairford.Who beat me soundly when I brought the arrogance of an only son,and of course a spoiled urchin,to the forms of the little republic?

--why,Alan.And who taught me to smoke a cobbler,pin a losen,head a bicker,and hold the bannets?--[Break a window,head a skirmish with stones,and hold the bonnet,or handkerchief,which used to divide High School boys when fighting.]Alan,once more.

If I became the pride of the Yards,and the dread of the hucksters in the High School Wynd,it was under thy patronage;and,but for thee,I had been contented with humbly passing through the Cowgate Port,without climbing over the top of it,and had never seen the KITTLE NINE-STEPS nearer than from Bareford's Parks.[A pass on the very brink of the Castle rock to the north,by which it is just possible for a goat,or a High School boy,to turn the corner of the building where it rises from the edge of the precipice.This was so favourite a feat with the 'hell and neck boys'of the higher classes,that at one time sentinels were posted to prevent its repetition.One of the nine-steps was rendered more secure because the climber could take hold of the root of a nettle,so precarious were the means of passing this celebrated spot.The manning the Cowgate Port,especially in snowball time,was also a choice amusement,as it offered an inaccessible station for the boys who used these missiles to the annoyance of the passengers.The gateway is now demolished;and probably most of its garrison lie as low as the fortress.To recollect that the author himself,however naturally disqualified,was one of those juvenile dreadnoughts,is a sad reflection to one who cannot now step over a brook without assistance.]

You taught me to keep my fingers off the weak,and to clench my fist against the strong--to carry no tales out of school--to stand forth like a true man--obey the stern order of a PANDEMANUM,and endure my pawmies without wincing,like one that is determined not to be the better for them.In a word,before Iknew thee,I knew nothing.

At college it was the same.When I was incorrigibly idle,your example and encouragement roused me to mental exertion,and showed me the way to intellectual enjoyment.You made me an historian,a metaphysician (INVITA MINERVA)--nay,by Heaven!you had almost made an advocate of me,as well as of yourself.Yes,rather than part with you,Alan,I attended a weary season at the Scotch Law Class;a wearier at the Civil;and with what excellent advantage,my notebook,filled with caricatures of the professors and my fellow students,is it not yet extant to testify?

Thus far have I held on with thee untired;and,to say truth,purely and solely that I might travel the same road with thee.But it will not do,Alan.By my faith,man,Icould as soon think of being one of those ingenious traders who cheat little Master Jackies on the outside of the partition with tops,balls,bats,and battledores,as a member of the long-robed fraternity within,who impose on grown country gentlemen with bouncing brocards of law.[The Hall of the Parliament House of Edinburgh was,in former days,divided into two unequal portions by a partition,the inner side of which was consecrated to the use of the Courts of Justice and the gentlemen of the law;while the outer division was occupied by the stalls of stationers,toymen,and the like,as in a modern bazaar.From the old play of THE PLAIN DEALER,it seems such was formerly the case with Westminster Hall.Minos has now purified his courts in both cities from all traffic but his own.]Now,don't you read this to your worthy father,Alan--he loves me well enough,I know,of a Saturday night;but he thinks me but idle company for any other day of the week.And here,I suspect,lies your real objection to taking a ramble with me through the southern counties in this delicious weather.I know the good gentleman has hard thoughts of me for being so unsettled as to leave Edinburgh before the Session rises;perhaps,too,he quarrels a little--I will not say with my want of ancestry,but with my want of connexions.He reckons me a lone thing in this world,Alan,and so,in good truth,I am;and it seems a reason to him why you should not attach yourself to me,that I can claim no interest in the general herd.

Do not suppose I forget what I owe him,for permitting me to shelter for four years under his roof:My obligations to him are not the less,but the greater,if he never heartily loved me.He is angry,too,that I will not,or cannot,be a lawyer,and,with reference to you,considers my disinclination that way as PESSIMIEXEMPLI,as he might say.

But he need not be afraid that a lad of your steadiness will be influenced by such a reed shaken by the winds as I am.You will go on doubting with Dirleton,and resolving those doubts with Stewart,['Sir John Nisbett of Dirleton's DOUBTS AND QUESTIONSUPON THE LAW,ESPECIALLLY OF SCOTLAND;'and 'Sir James Stewart's DIRLETON'S DOUBTS AND QUESTIONS ON THE LAW OF SCOTLAND RESOLVEDAND ANSWERED,'are works of authority in Scottish jurisprudence.

As is generally the case,the doubts are held more in respect than the solution.]until the cramp speech [Till of late years,every advocate who catered at the Scottish bar made a Latin address to the Court,faculty,and audience,in set terms,and said a few words upon a text of the civil law,to show his Latinity and jurisprudence.He also wore his hat for a minute,in order to vindicate his right of being covered before the Court,which is said to have originated from the celebrated lawyer,Sir Thomas Hope,having two sons on the bench while he himself remained at the bar.Of late this ceremony has been dispensed with,as occupying the time of the Court unnecessarily.

The entrant lawyer merely takes the oaths to government,and swears to maintain the rules and privileges of his order.]has been spoken more SOLITO from the corner of the bench,and with covered head--until you have sworn to defend the liberties and privileges of the College of Justice--until the black gown is hung on your shoulders,and you are free as any of the Faculty to sue or defend.Then will I step forth,Alan,and in a character which even your father will allow may be more useful to you than had I shared this splendid termination of your legal studies.In a word,if I cannot be a counsel,I am determined to be a CLIENT,a sort of person without whom a lawsuit would be as dull as a supposed case.Yes,I am determined to give you your first fee.

One can easily,I am assured,get into a lawsuit--it is only the getting out which is sometimes found troublesome;--and,with your kind father for an agent,and you for my counsel learned in the law,and the worshipful Master Samuel Griffiths to back me,a few sessions shall not tire my patience.In short,I will make my way into court,even if it should cost me the committing a DELICT,or at least a QUASI DELICT.--You see all is not lost of what Erskine wrote,and Wallace taught.

Thus far I have fooled it off well enough;and yet,Alan,all is not at ease within me.I am affected with a sense of loneliness,the more depressing,that it seems to me to be a solitude peculiarly my own.In a country where all the world have a circle of consanguinity,extending to sixth cousins at least,Iam a solitary individual,having only one kind heart to throb in unison with my own.If I were condemned to labour for my bread,methinks I should less regard this peculiar species of deprivation,The necessary communication of master and servant would be at least a tie which would attach me to the rest of my kind--as it is,my very independence seems to enhance the peculiarity of my situation.I am in the world as a stranger in the crowded coffeehouse,where he enters,calls for what refreshment he wants,pays his bill,and is forgotten so soon as the waiter's mouth has pronounced his 'Thank ye,sir.'

I know your good father would term this SINNING MY MERCIES,[Apeculiar Scottish phrase expressive of ingratitude for the favours of Providence.]and ask how I should feel if,instead of being able to throw down my reckoning,I were obliged to deprecate the resentment of the landlord for consuming that which I could not pay for.I cannot tell how it is;but,though this very reasonable reflection comes across me,and though I do confess that four hundred a year in possession,eight hundred in near prospect,and the L--d knows how many hundreds more in the distance,are very pretty and comfortable things,yet I would freely give one half of them to call your father father,though he should scold me for my idleness every hour of the day,and to call you brother,though a brother whose merits would throw my own so completely into the shade.

The faint,yet not improbable,belief has often come across me,that your father knows something more about my birth and condition than he is willing to communicate;it is so unlikely that I should be left in Edinburgh at six years old,without any other recommendation than the regular payment of my board to old M--,[Probably Mathieson,the predecessor of Dr.Adams,to whose memory the author and his contemporaries owe a deep debt of gratitude.]of the High School.Before that time,as I have often told you,I have but a recollection of unbounded indulgence on my mother's part,and the most tyrannical exertion of caprice on my own.I remember still how bitterly she sighed,how vainly she strove to soothe me,while,in the full energy of despotism,I roared like ten bull-calves,for something which it was impossible to procure for me.She is dead,that kind,that ill-rewarded mother!I remember the long faces--the darkened rooms --the black hangings--the mysterious impression made upon my mind by the hearse and mourning coaches,and the difficulty which Ihad to reconcile all this to the disappearance of my mother.Ido not think I had before this event formed,any idea,of death,or that I had even heard of that final consummation of all that lives.The first acquaintance which I formed with it deprived me of my only relation.

A clergyman of venerable appearance,our only visitor,was my guide and companion in a journey of considerable length;and in the charge of another elderly man,substituted in his place,Iknow not how or why,I completed my journey to Scotland--and this is all I recollect.

I repeat the little history now,as I have a hundred times before,merely because I would wring some sense out of it.Turn,then,thy sharp,wire-drawing,lawyer-like ingenuity to the same task--make up my history as though thou wert shaping the blundering allegations of some blue-bonneted,hard-headed client,into a condescendence of facts and circumstances,and thou shalt be,not my Apollo--QUID TIBI CUM LYRA?--but my Lord Stair,[Celebrated as a Scottish lawyer.]Meanwhile,I have written myself out of my melancholy and blue devils,merely by prosing about them;so I will now converse half an hour with Roan Robin in his stall--the rascal knows me already,and snickers whenever I cross the threshold of the stable.

The black which you bestrode yesterday morning promises to be an admirable roadster,and ambled as easily with Sam and the portmanteau,as with you and your load of law-learning.Sam promises to be steady,and has hitherto been so.No long trial,you will say.He lays the blame of former inaccuracies on evil company--the people who were at the livery-stable were too seductive,I suppose--he denies he ever did the horse injustice--would rather have wanted his own dinner,he says.In this Ibelieve him,as Roan Robin's ribs and coat show no marks of contradiction.However,as he will meet with no saints in the inns we frequent,and as oats are sometimes as speedily converted into ale as John Barleycorn himself,I shall keep a look-out after Master Sam.Stupid fellow!had he not abused my good nature,I might have chatted to him to keep my tongue in exercise;whereas now I must keep him at a distance.

Do you remember what Mr.Fairford said to me on this subject--it did not become my father's son to speak in that manner to Sam's father's son?I asked you what your father could possibly know of mine;and you answered,'As much,you supposed,as he knew of Sam's--it was a proverbial expression.'This did not quite satisfy me;though I am sure I cannot tell why it should not.

But I am returning to a fruitless and exhausted subject.Do not be afraid that I shall come back on this well-trodden yet pathless field of conjecture.I know nothing so useless,so utterly feeble and contemptible,as the groaning forth one's lamentations into the ears of our friends.

I would fain promise you that my letters shall be as entertaining as I am determined they shall be regular and well filled.We have an advantage over the dear friends of old,every pair of them.Neither David and Jonathan,nor Orestes and Pylades,nor Damon and Pythias--although,in the latter case particularly,a letter by post would have been very acceptable--ever corresponded together;for they probably could not write,and certainly had neither post nor franks to speed their effusions to each other;whereas yours,which you had from the old peer,being handled gently,and opened with precaution,may be returned to me again,and serve to make us free of his Majesty's post office,during the whole time of my proposed tour.[It is well known and remembered,that when Members of Parliament enjoyed the unlimited privilege of franking by the mere writing the name on the cover,it was extended to the most extraordinary occasions.One noble lord,to express his regard for a particular regiment,franked a letter for every rank and file.It was customary also to save the covers and return them,in order that the correspondence might be carried on as long as the envelopes could hold together.]Mercy upon us,Alan!what letters I shall have to send to you,with an account of all that I can collect,of pleasant or rare,in this wild-goose jaunt of mine!All Istipulate is that you do not communicate them to the SCOTSMAGAZINE;for though you used,in a left-handed way,to compliment me on my attainments in the lighter branches of literature,at the expense of my deficiency in the weightier matters of the law,I am not yet audacious enough to enter the portal which the learned Ruddiman so kindly opened for the acolytes of the Muses.--VALE SIS MEMOR MEI.D.L.

PS.Direct to the Post Office here.I shall leave orders to forward your letters wherever I may travel.

ALAN FAIRFORD TO DARSIE LATIMER

NEGATUR,my dear Darsie--you have logic and law enough to understand the word of denial.I deny your conclusion.The premises I admit,namely,that when I mounted on that infernal hack,I might utter what seemed a sigh,although I deemed it lost amid the puffs and groans of the broken-winded brute,matchless in the complication of her complaints by any save she,the poor man's mare,renowned in song,that died A mile aboon Dundee.

[Alluding,as all Scotsmen know,to the humorous old song:--'The auld man's mare's dead,The puir man's mare's dead,The auld man's mare's dead,A mile aboon Dundee.']

But credit me,Darsie,the sigh which escaped me,concerned thee more than myself,and regarded neither the superior mettle of your cavalry,nor your greater command of the means of travelling.I could certainly have cheerfully ridden with you for a few days;and assure yourself I would not have hesitated to tax your better filled purse for our joint expenses.But you know my father considers every moment taken from the law as a step down hill;and I owe much to his anxiety on my account,although its effects are sometimes troublesome.For example:

I found,on my arrival at the shop in Brown's Square,that the old gentleman had returned that very evening,impatient,it seems,of remaining a night out of the guardianship of the domestic Lares.Having this information from James,whose brow wore rather an anxious look on the occasion,I dispatched a Highland chairman to the livery stable with my Bucephalus,and slunk,with as little noise as might be,into my own den,where Ibegan to mumble certain half-gnawed and not half-digested doctrines of our municipal code.I was not long seated,when my father's visage was thrust,in a peering sort of way,through the half-opened door;and withdrawn,on seeing my occupation,with a half-articulated HUMPH!which seemed to convey a doubt of the seriousness of my application.If it were so,I cannot condemn him;for recollection of thee occupied me so entirely during an hour's reading,that although Stair lay before me,and notwithstanding that I turned over three or four pages,the sense of his lordship's clear and perspicuous style so far escaped me,that I had the mortification to find my labour was utterly in vain.

Ere I had brought up my lee-way,James appeared with his summons to our frugal supper--radishes,cheese,and a bottle of the old ale-only two plates though--and no chair set for Mr.Darsie,by the attentive James Wilkinson.Said James,with his long face,lank hair,and very long pig-tail in its leathern strap,was placed,as usual,at the back of my father's chair,upright as a wooden sentinel at the door of a puppet-show.'You may go down,James,'said my father;and exit Wilkinson.--What is to come next?thought I;for the weather is not clear on the paternal brow.

My boots encountered his first glance of displeasure,and he asked me,with a sneer,which way I had been riding.He expected me to answer,'Nowhere,'and would then have been at me with his usual sarcasm,touching the humour of walking in shoes at twenty shillings a pair.But I answered with composure,that I had ridden out to dinner as far as Noble House.He started (you know his way)as if I had said that I had dined at Jericho;and as Idid not choose to seem to observe his surprise,but continued munching my radishes in tranquillity,he broke forth in ire.

'To Noble House,sir!and what had you to do at Noble House,sir?

Do you remember you are studying law,sir?--that your Scots law trials are coming on,sir?--that every moment of your time just now is worth hours at another time?--and have you leisure to go to Noble House,sir?--and to throw your books behind you for so many hours?--Had it been a turn in the meadows,or even a game at golf--but Noble House,sir!'

'I went so far with Darsie Latimer,sir,to see him begin his journey.'

'Darsie Latimer?'he replied in a softened tone--'Humph!--Well,I do not blame you for being kind to Darsie Latimer;but it would have done as much good if you had walked with him as far as the toll-bar,and then made your farewells--it would have saved horse-hire--and your reckoning,too,at dinner.'

'Latimer paid that,sir,'I replied,thinking to soften the matter;but I had much better have left it unspoken.

'The reckoning,sir!'replied my father.'And did you sponge upon any man for a reckoning?Sir,no man should enter the door of a public-house without paying his lawing.'

'I admit the general rule,sir,'I replied;'but this was a parting-cup between Darsie and me;and I should conceive it fell under the exception of DOCH AN DORROCH.'

'You think yourself a wit,'said my father,with as near an approach to a smile as ever he permits to gild the solemnity of his features;'but I reckon you did not eat your dinner standing,like the Jews at their Passover?and it was decided in a case before the town-bailies of Cupar-Angus,when Luckie Simpson's cow had drunk up Luckie Jamieson's browst of ale while it stood in the door to cool,that there was no damage to pay,because the crummie drank without sitting down;such being the very circumstance constituting DOCH AN DORROCH,which is a standing drink,for which no reckoning is paid.Ha,sir!what says your advocateship (FIERI)to that?EXEPTIO FIRMAT REGULAM--But come,fill your glass,Alan;I am not sorry ye have shown this attention to Darsie Latimer,who is a good lad,as times go;and having now lived under my roof since he left the school,why,there is really no great matter in coming under this small obligation to him.'

As I saw my father's scruples were much softened by the consciousness of his superiority in the legal argument,I took care to accept my pardon as a matter of grace,rather than of justice;and only replied,we should feel ourselves duller of an evening,now that you were absent.I will give you my father's exact words in reply,Darsie.You know him so well,that they will not offend you;and you are also aware,that there mingles with the good man's preciseness and formality,a fund of shrewd observation and practical good sense.

'It is very true,'he said;'Darsie was a pleasant companion-but over waggish,over waggish,Alan,and somewhat scatter-brained.

--By the way,Wilkinson must get our ale bottled in English pints now,for a quart bottle is too much,night after night,for you and me,without his assistance.--But Darsie,as I was saying,is an arch lad,and somewhat light in the upper story--I wish him well through the world;but he has little solidity,Alan,little solidity.'

I scorn to desert an absent friend,Darsie,so I said for you a little more than my conscience warranted:but your defection from your legal studies had driven you far to leeward in my father's good opinion.

'Unstable as water,he shall not excel,'said my father;'or,as the Septuagint hath it,EFUSA EST SICUT AQUA--NON CRESCAT.He goeth to dancing-houses,and readeth novels--SAT EST.'

I endeavoured to parry these texts by observing,that the dancing-houses amounted only to one night at La Pique's ball--the novels (so far as matter of notoriety,Darsie)to an odd volume of TOM JONES.

'But he danced from night to morning,'replied my father,'and he read the idle trash,which the author should have been scourged for,at least twenty times over.It was never out of his hand.'

I then hinted,that in all probability your fortune was now so easy as to dispense with your prosecuting the law any further than you had done;and therefore you might think you had some title to amuse yourself.This was the least palatable argument of all.

'If he cannot amuse himself with the law,'said my father,snappishly 'it is the worse for him.If he needs not law to teach him to make a fortune,I am sure he needs it to teach him how to keep one;and it would better become him to be learning this,than to be scouring the country like a land-louper,going he knows not where,to see he knows not what,and giving treats at Noble House to fools like himself'(an angry glance at poor me),'Noble House,indeed!'he repeated,with elevated voice and sneering tone,as if there were something offensive to him in the name,though I will venture to say that any place in which you had been extravagant enough to spend five shillings,would have stood as deep in his reprobation.

Mindful of your idea,that my father knows more of your real situation than he thinks proper to mention,I thought I would hazard a fishing observation.'I did not see,'I said,'how the Scottish law would be useful to a young gentleman whose fortune would seem to be vested in England.'--I really thought my father would have beat me.

'D'ye mean to come round me,sir,PER AMBAGES,as Counsellor Pest says?What is it to you where Darsie Latimer's fortune is vested,or whether he hath any fortune,aye or no?And what ill would the Scottish law do to him,though he had as much of it as either Stair or Bankton,sir?Is not the foundation of our municipal law the ancient code of the Roman Empire,devised at a time when it was so much renowned for its civil polity,sir,and wisdom?Go to your bed,sir,after your expedition to Noble House,and see that your lamp be burning and your book before you ere the sun peeps.ARS LONGA,VITA BREVIS--were it not a sin to call the divine science of the law by the inferior name of art.'

So my lamp did burn,dear Darsie,the next morning,though the owner took the risk of a domiciliary visitation,and lay snug in bed,trusting its glimmer might,without further inquiry,be received as sufficient evidence of his vigilance.And now,upon this the third morning after your departure,things are but little better;for though the lamp burns in my den,and VOET ONTHE PANDECTS hath his wisdom spread open before me,yet as I only use him as a reading-desk on which to scribble this sheet of nonsense to Darsie Latimer,it is probable the vicinity will be of little furtherance to my studies.

And now,methinks,I hear thee call me an affected hypocritical varlet,who,living under such a system of distrust and restraint as my father chooses to govern by,nevertheless pretends not to envy you your freedom and independence.

Latimer,I will tell you no lies.I wish my father would allow me a little more exercise of my free will,were it but that Imight feel the pleasure of doing what would please him of my own accord.A little more spare time,and a little more money to enjoy it,would,besides,neither misbecome my age nor my condition;and it is,I own,provoking to see so many in the same situation winging the air at freedom,while I sit here,caged up like a cobbler's linnet,to chant the same unvaried lesson from sunrise to sunset,not to mention the listening to so many lectures against idleness,as if I enjoyed or was making use of the means of amusement!But then I cannot at heart blame either the motive or the object of this severity.For the motive,it is and can only be my father's anxious,devoted,and unremitting affection and zeal for my improvement,with a laudable sense of the honour of the profession to which he has trained me.

As we have no near relations,the tie betwixt us is of even unusual closeness,though in itself one of the strongest which nature can form.I am,and have all along been,the exclusive object of my father's anxious hopes,and his still more anxious and engrossing fears;so what title have I to complain,although now and then these fears and hopes lead him to take a troublesome and incessant charge of all my motions?Besides,I ought to recollect,and,Darsie,I do recollect,that my father upon various occasions,has shown that he can be indulgent as well as strict.The leaving his old apartments in the Luckenbooths was to him like divorcing the soul from the body;yet Dr.R--did but hint that the better air of this new district was more favourable to my health,as I was then suffering under the penalties of too rapid a growth,when he exchanged his old and beloved quarters,adjacent to the very Heart of Midlothian,for one of those new tenements (entire within themselves)which modern taste has so lately introduced.Instance also the inestimable favour which he conferred on me by receiving you into his house,when you had only the unpleasant alternative of remaining,though a grown-up lad,in the society of mere boys.[The diminutive and obscure place called Brown's Square,was hailed about the time of its erection as an extremely elegant improvement upon the style of designing and erecting Edinburgh residences.Each house was,in the phrase used by appraisers,'finished within itself,'or,in the still newer phraseology,'self-contained.'It was built about the year 1763-4;and the old part of the city being near and accessible,this square soon received many inhabitants,who ventured to remove to so moderate a distance from the High Street.]This was a thing so contrary to all my father's ideas of seclusion,of economy,and of the safety to my morals and industry,which he wished to attain,by preserving me from the society of other young people,that,upon my word,I am always rather astonished how I should have had the impudence to make the request,than that he should have complied with it.

Then for the object of his solicitude--Do not laugh,or hold up your hands,my good Darsie;but upon my word I like the profession to which I am in the course of being educated,and am serious in prosecuting the preliminary studies.The law is my vocation--in an especial,and,I may say,in an hereditary way,my vocation;for although I have not the honour to belong to any of the great families who form in Scotland,as in France,the noblesse of the robe,and with us,at least,carry their heads as high,or rather higher,than the noblesse of the sword,--for the former consist more frequently of the 'first-born of Egypt,'--yet my grandfather,who,I dare say,was a most excellent person,had the honour to sign a bitter protest against the Union,in the respectable character of town-clerk to the ancient Borough of Birlthegroat;and there is some reason--shall I say to hope,or to suspect?--that he may have been a natural son of a first cousin of the then Fairford of that Ilk,who had been long numbered among the minor barons.Now my father mounted a step higher on the ladder of legal promotion,being,as you know as well as I do,an eminent and respected Writer to his Majesty's Signet;and I myself am destined to mount a round higher still,and wear the honoured robe which is sometimes supposed,like Charity,to cover a multitude of sins.I have,therefore,no choice but to climb upwards;since we have mounted thus high,or else to fall down at the imminent risk of my neck.So that Ireconcile myself to my destiny;and while you,are looking from mountain peaks,at distant lakes and firths,I am,DE APICIBUSJURIS,consoling myself with visions of crimson and scarlet gowns--with the appendages of handsome cowls,well lined with salary.

You smile,Darsie,MORE TUO,and seem to say it is little worth while to cozen one's self with such vulgar dreams;yours being,on the contrary,of a high and heroic character,bearing the same resemblance to mine,that a bench,covered with purple cloth and plentifully loaded with session papers,does to some Gothic throne,rough with barbaric pearl and gold.But what would you have?--SUA QUEMQUE TRAHIT VOLUPTAS.And my visions of preferment,though they may be as unsubstantial at present,are nevertheless more capable of being realized,than your aspirations after the Lord knows what.What says my father's proverb?'Look to a gown of gold,and you will at least get a sleeve of it.'Such is my pursuit;but what dost thou look to?

The chance that the mystery,as you call it,which at present overclouds your birth and connexions,will clear up into something inexpressibly and inconceivably brilliant;and this without any effort or exertion of your own,but purely by the goodwill of Fortune.I know the pride and naughtiness of thy heart,and sincerely do I wish that thou hadst more beatings to thank me for,than those which thou dost acknowledge so gratefully.Then had I thumped these Quixotical expectations out of thee,and thou hadst not,as now,conceived thyself to be the hero of some romantic history,and converted,in thy vain imaginations,honest Griffiths,citizen and broker,who never bestows more than the needful upon his quarterly epistles,into some wise Alexander or sage Alquife,the mystical and magical protector of thy peerless destiny.But I know not how it was,thy skull got harder,I think,and my knuckles became softer;not to mention that at length thou didst begin to show about thee a spark of something dangerous,which I was bound to respect at least,if I did not fear it.

And while I speak of this,it is not much amiss to advise thee to correct a little this cock-a-hoop courage of thine.I fear much that,like a hot-mettled horse,it will carry the owner into some scrape,out of which he will find it difficult to extricate himself,especially if the daring spirit which bore thee thither should chance to fail thee at a pinch.Remember,Darsie,thou art not naturally courageous;on the contrary,we have long since agreed that,quiet as I am,I have the advantage in this important particular.My courage consists,I think,in strength of nerves and constitutional indifference to danger;which,though it never pushes me on adventure,secures me in full use of my recollection,and tolerably complete self-possession,when danger actually arrives.Now,thine seems more what may be called intellectual courage;highness of spirit,and desire of distinction;impulses which render thee alive to the love of fame,and deaf to the apprehension of danger,until it forces itself suddenly upon thee.I own that,whether it is from my having caught my father's apprehensions,or that I have reason to entertain doubts of my own,I often think that this wildfire chase of romantic situation and adventure may lead thee into some mischief;and then what would become of Alan Fairford?They might make whom they pleased Lord Advocate or Solicitor-General,I should never have the heart to strive for it.All my exertions are intended to Vindicate myself one day in your eyes;and Ithink I should not care a farthing for the embroidered silk gown,more than for an old woman's apron,unless I had hopes that thou shouldst be walking the boards to admire,and perhaps to envy me.

That this may be the case,I prithee--beware!See not a Dulcinea,in every slipshod girl,who,with blue eyes,fair hair,a tattered plaid,and a willow-wand in her grip,drives out the village cows to the loaning.Do not think you will meet a gallant Valentine in every English rider,or an Orson in every Highland drover.View things as they are,and not as they may be magnified through thy teeming fancy.I have seen thee look at an old gravel pit,till thou madest out capes,and bays,and inlets,crags and precipices,and the whole stupendous scenery of the Isle of Feroe,in what was,to all ordinary eyes,a mere horse-pond.Besides,did I not once find thee gazing with respect at a lizard,in the attitude of one who looks upon a crocodile?Now this is,doubtless,so far a harmless exercise of your imagination;for the puddle cannot drown you,nor the Lilliputian alligator eat you up.But it is different in society,where you cannot mistake the character of those you converse with,or suffer your fancy to exaggerate their qualities,good or bad,without exposing yourself not only to ridicule,but to great and serious inconveniences.Keep guard,therefore,on your imagination,my dear Darsie;and let your old friend assure you,it is the point of your character most pregnant with peril to its good and generous owner.Adieu!let not the franks of the worthy peer remain unemployed;above all,SIS MEMOR MEI.A.F.